1 - Dars: Am/Is/Are (To be fellari darak gaplarda)

To be (Bolmoq) feli haqida

Ingliz tilida To be yordamchi fe’li kim yoki nima haqida gapirilayotganini bildiradi. Bu fe’l am, is, are shakllarida ishlatiladi va kishilik olmoshlari (shaxs zamirlari) yoki gapning egasiga qarab moslashadi.

Ijobiy shakl (Positive)

Quyida ijobiy shakllarning to‘liq va qisqartma ko‘rinishlari keltirilgan:

Olmosh (Subject)	To be shakli	Qisqartma (Contraction)
I	am	I’m
He	is	He’s
She	is	She’s
It	is	It’s
We	are	We’re
You	are	You’re
They	are	They’re

Inkor shakl (Negative)

Inkor gaplarda To be fe’liga “not” qo‘shiladi. Kundalik muloqotda qisqartma shakllar keng qo‘llaniladi:

Olmosh (Subject)	To be shakli + not	Qisqartma (Contraction)
I	am not	I’m not
He	is not	He’s not yoki He isn’t
She	is not	She’s not yoki She isn’t
It	is not	It’s not yoki It isn’t
We	are not	We’re not yoki We aren’t
You	are not	You’re not yoki You aren’t
They	are not	They’re not yoki They aren’t

Misollar (For example)

Ijobiy gaplar:

I’m cold. Can you close the window, please?

(Men sovuq qotiyapman. Derazani yopib qo‘yasizmi, iltimos?)
I’m 32 years old. My sister is 29. My brother is very tall. He’s a policeman.

(Men 32 yoshdaman. Singlim 29 yoshda. Akam juda bo‘ychan. U politsiyachi.)
Azamat is afraid of dogs.

(Azamat itlardan qo‘rqadi.)
It’s ten o’clock. You’re late again.

(Soat o‘n bo‘ldi. Siz yana kech qoldingiz.)
Munisa and I are good friends.

(Munisa va men yaxshi do‘stmiz.)

Inkor gaplar:

I’m not married.

(Men uylanmaganman / turmushga chiqmaganman.)
It’s not sunny today.

(Bugun quyoshli emas.)
We’re not at home.

(Biz uyda emasmiz.)
They aren’t tired.

(Ular charchamagan.)

Qisqartmalar va boshqa shakllar

That’s = That is
There’s = There is
Here’s = Here is

Misollar:

Thank you. That’s very kind of you.

(Rahmat. Bu sizning tarafingizdan juda yaxshi mehribonlik.)
Look! There’s Kamol.

(Qarang! U yerda Kamol bor.)
Here’s your key. Thank you.

(Mana sizning kalitingiz. Rahmat.)

Mashqlar uchun misollar

My name is Nodira. I’m 22. I’m from Chicago.

(Mening ismim Nodira. Men 22 yoshdaman. Men Chikagodanman.)
My favourite sports are football and swimming. I’m interested in art.

(Mening sevimli sportlarim futbol va suzish. Men san’atga qiziqaman.)
We’re not late. We’re ready to go.

(Biz kechikmadik. Biz ketishga tayyormiz.)
It’s not raining.

(Yomg‘ir yog‘mayapti.)

Xulosa

Am, is, are – kim yoki nima haqida gapirayotganimizni yoki holatni bildiradi.
Qisqartma shakllar kundalik suhbatlarda ko‘proq ishlatiladi va gapni soddalashtiradi.
Har bir kishilik olmoshi (men, u, ular) bilan mos shaklni ishlatish muhim.