3 - Dars Present Continuous Tense ( Hozirgi davomiy zamon )

Present Continuous Tense (Hozirgi davomiy zamon)

Asosiy tushuncha

Present Continuous Tense hozirgi vaqtda davom etayotgan yoki sodir bo‘layotgan harakatni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. Ushbu zamon yordamida harakat aynan hozir sodir bo‘layotganini tushuntirish mumkin.

Struktura:

Subyekt	To be fe’li (am / is / are)	Fe’l + -ing
I	am	working
He/She/It	is	working
We/You/They	are	working

Present Continuous qanday ishlatiladi?

Hozir sodir bo‘layotgan harakatlarni ifodalash uchun:
- I am studying English now.
  (Men hozir ingliz tilini o‘rganayapman.)
- She is cooking dinner at the moment.
  (U hozir kechki ovqat pishirayapti.)
Davom etayotgan o‘zgarish yoki o‘tkinchi vaziyatlarni ifodalash uchun:
- These days, people are working from home.
  (Hozirgi paytda odamlar uydan ishlashmoqda.)
- He is getting better after the flu.
  (U grippdan keyin sog‘aymoqda.)
Kelajakdagi rejalashtirilgan harakatlarni ifodalash uchun:
- We are leaving for Paris tomorrow.
  (Biz ertaga Parijga jo’nab ketamiz.)
- They are meeting at 6 p.m.
  (Ular kech soat 6 da uchrashadi.)

Present Continuous qanday tuziladi?

Ijobiy gap:

Subyekt + am/is/are + fe’l + -ing
- I am reading.
  (Men o‘qiyapman.)
- They are playing football.
  (Ular futbol o‘ynashyapti.)
Inkor gap:

Subyekt + am/is/are + not + fe’l + -ing
- I am not sleeping.
  (Men uxlamayapman.)
- She is not listening to music.
  (U musiqa eshitmayapti.)
Savol gap:

Am/Is/Are + subyekt + fe’l + -ing?
- Are you watching TV?
  (Siz televizor ko‘ryapsizmi?)
- Is he working?
  (U ishlayaptimi?)

Spelling qoidalari (so‘z shakllanishi)

Fe’llarning -ing qo‘shimchasi bilan yozilishi qoidalariga e’tibor bering:

Oddiy qo‘shish:
- play → playing
- work → working
- study → studying
“e” bilan tugaydigan fe’llar:
- write → writing
- drive → driving
Undosh-harf + unli-harf + undosh-harf bilan tugaydigan fe’llar:

Oxirgi undosh harf ikki marta yoziladi:
- run → running
- sit → sitting
- swim → swimming
“ie” bilan tugaydigan fe’llar:

“ie” harfi “y” ga o‘zgaradi:
- lie → lying
- die → dying

Misollar

Please be quiet. I am working.

(Iltimos, jim bo‘ling. Men ishlayapman.)
Look at Sue! She is wearing her new hat.

(Suega qarang! U boshiga yangi shlyapa kiygan.)
The weather is nice at the moment. It is not raining.

(Hozirgi paytda ob-havo yaxshi. Yomg‘ir yog‘mayapti.)
They are building a new theatre in the city centre.

(Ular hozir shahar markazida yangi teatr qurishyapti.)

Amaliy mashqlar

Bo‘sh joylarni to‘ldiring. Quyidagi fe’llardan foydalaning:

build, cook, go, have, stand, stay, swim, work

Please be quiet. I’m _____.

(Iltimos, jim bo‘ling. Men ishlayapman.)

Javob: working
Where’s John? He’s in the kitchen. He is _____.

(Jon qayerda? U oshxonada. U ovqat pishirayapti.)

Javob: cooking
You are _____ on my foot.

(Siz mening oyog‘im ustida turibsiz.)

Javob: standing
Look! Somebody is _____ in the river.

(Qarang! Kimdir daryoda suzayapti.)

Javob: swimming
We’re here on holiday. We are _____ at the Central Hotel.

(Biz bu yerda ta’tilni o‘tkazyapmiz. Biz Central mehmonxonasida turibmiz.)

Javob: staying

Present Continuous kalit so‘zlari

Now – Hozir
At the moment – Hozirgi paytda
At present – Hozirda
These days – Shu kunlarda
Still – Hamon
Nowadays – Bugungi kunda
Today – Bugun
Tonight – Bu oqshom
Look – Qarang
Listen – Tinglang

Kalit so‘zlar bilan misollar:

Now is the perfect time to start learning English.

(Hozir ingliz tilini o‘rganishni boshlash uchun ideal vaqt.)
At the moment, I’m focusing on my grammar.

(Hozirda men grammatikaga e’tibor qaratayapman.)
These days, many people are learning new skills online.

(Bugungi kunda ko‘plab odamlar onlayn tarzda yangi ko‘nikmalarni o‘rganishyapti.)

Xulosa

Present Continuous Tense hozir sodir bo‘layotgan yoki vaqtincha davom etayotgan harakatlar uchun ishlatiladi. Ushbu zamonning kalit so‘zlariga e’tibor bering, chunki ular jumladagi asosiy vaqtni aniqlashda yordam beradi. Shuningdek, fe’l shakllanishi va imlosi qoidalariga rioya qilish muhim.